Peugeot. P108. 1928. 250cc.

Motorcycle Peugeot. P108. 1928. 250cc.

Peugeot is a French manufacturer of cars PSA Peugeot Citroën , but also a brand of motorcycle and a historical brand of motorcycles .

Company

The company motorfietstak Peugeot were: Les Fils de Peugeot Frères, Cycles Peugeot SA, Valentigney, (Doubs), later Motorcycles Peugeot, Paris, Neuilly-sur-Seine, france and Montbéliard.

History

Of the NINETEENTH century

In 1810, the pact Jean-Pierre Peugeot, a weaver of Herimoncourt himself with his two sons Jean-Pierre II and Jean-Frédéric, his brother Jacques Maillard-Salin, in Sous-Cratet a casting produced was that the rolled steel for tools and watch springs became. In 1819, after an injection of capital, the company was named "Peugeot Frères et Cie". In a short time there were 70 employees. In 1825, the company has grown considerably and has changed the name to "Societe Peugeot Freres AINES, Calame et Jacques Maillard-Salins". In 1832, Jean-Pierre II was separated and began the firm of "Peugeot Freres AINEs". However, he quit the initiative in the hands of his son and his nephew Jules Emile.

Les Fils de Peugeot Frères

In 1871, he restructured the company and took the initiative in the hands of two cousins: Eugene , the son of Jules, and Armand , the son of Emile. In 1878 changed the name of "Les Fils de Peugeot Frères" (the sons of the brothers Peugeot). Until 1885, the company experienced a great development and made a name for himself as a manufacturer of all kinds of tools in several european markets, but also in the US, Turkey and Egypt.

In 1882, Peugeot made its entry to the transport market: Armand Peugeot took the initiative of bikes to build. The "Grand Bi" (the French name for the plant was in Beaulieu -cumin ) did. In 1889 Armand Peugeot showed four tricycles with a steam engine from Leon Serpollet in the Universal Exhibition in Paris , the Peugeot Type 1 . This tricycle was suitable to carry two people. Armand had, however, already had a visit shortly before the exhibition Gottlieb Daimler and Emile levassor found . Sought, after the death of Edouard Sarazin , French concession-holder of Daimler engines and new customers can't be convinced Armand to the vapour, but the atmosphere of the engine was the future. Panhard , co-founded by levassor found, how the chassis to offer. The first car from Peugeot was built in 1890, with a Peugeot body mounted on a chassis and Panhard with a Daimler engine. In 1891 the production of Peugeot cars took off and the number of models expanded.

SA des Automobiles Peugeot

However, the family Peugeot saw nothing in the motor vehicles, the production of cars, even led to a dispute between Eugène and Armand. It was decided that Armand would establish his own company, the "Société Anonyme des Automobiles Peugeot". That happened the 2 of April of 1896. In addition, it was agreed that "les fils de Peugeot Frères" not to participate in the production of motor vehicles, while "Automobiles Peugeot" would occur. No bikes, however, this arrangement did not last long: already in the Salon du Cycles of 1898 presented "les fils" in Addition to bicycles, tricycles and quadricycles with De Dion-Bouton - and their own engine blocks of 3, 3½, 4 ½ and 5 HP.

Noughties

Std. Griffon

The swiss "Manufacture de Moteurs Zürcher, Lühti et Cie", which clip-on engines with the brand name ZL produced was around 1901 in search of a manufacturer of bicycles with the solid frame of this engine blocks could be made, and is calculated from les fils Peugeot frères. The competition in the market of the bicycle was on the rise, so that the temptation to respond to the request of ZL was even greater. The engine blocks ZL were very popular: they could be mounted on any sturdy frame of the bicycle, and were used by Brion in Antwerp, Frera in Milan, NSU in, based in neckarsulm and Pecourt in Paris. On the other hand, have been copied by other manufacturers. They were assembled initially before trapperas. Today the common place to the engine, the bottom of the frame, below, was patented by the gebroerders Werner (see: "a New Method of Werner ). The French market is very important so important that they have the trademark ZL, that it was "too German" for the French, it became "Zedelge." To Zürcher and Lühti, To avoid problems with the company Armand les fils de Peugeot Frères deposited the mark Griffon . From that moment on motorcycles were produced under the names Peugeot and griffon. However, the factory Griffon was in Courbevoie and soon got a branch in London . Through the cooperation of Eugène Peugeot with Zürcher and Lühti created in 1902 the first motorized bicycle Peugeot: the "Motobicyclette", which was also called "Moto-Velo" called. This model was the engine clip before the trapperas to the tube of the front chassis, while the lower part of the engine mounted to the frame was modern at that time. Therefore Motobicyclette was with your presentation obsolete, there she was sold bad. In the same year, a model with the so-called "continued Werner New method ", so that with the block at the bottom of the frame. Peugeot Zedelge ordered this to the latest version of two horse-power engine model with clip and called it "Peugeot Type B". In 1903, Peugeot introduced engines "own". However, these were new motors Zedelge that Peugeot had bought the exclusivity. The letters "PF" (Peugeot Frères) is located in the crankcase of the cast, but these sinks were ordered in July, 1903, by the casting Zedelge Gautschi and Jéquier S. Graf. From October 1903 Peugeot ordered directly to these sinks. The new type C was the same frame as B, but with this new type of "Peugeot" 2 ½ horsepower. The collaboration between Peugeot and Zedelge would last until 1914.

Lion-Peugeot

From 1905 les fils de Peugeot Frères are also manufactured cars. It was on the basis of the agreements of 1896 prohibited, but also found a solution: the brand was Lion-Peugeot SA and des Automobiles Peugeot received 1 million a year swiss . Probably the son of Eugène Peugeot, Pierre, Robert and Jules, were the initiators of the project. There motorcycles were also provided with this brand, but they are extremely rare.

Griffon and Lion-Peugeot

The Zedel block I lived on bikes "normal" are excellent, but when it does Peugeot with road races would participate, was no match for the competition. Emile Amstoutz, which since 1897 had been to the bicycle factory, developed since 1900 a small 1 ½ hp engine under the name of "AZ". To avoid problems with Armand Peugeot put this block in the races under the brand name " Griffon ". The machine was a success in Paris-Berlin (1901) and Paris-Vienna (1902). Edmond Gentil was commissioned to do. Machines for the Paris-Madrid in 1903 This race is put on by the many accidents. The decision had already fallen to the Griffon brand own factory in Courbevoie get. Gentile wanted to be president, but when this did not happen, he set up his own brand Alcyon on. Meanwhile, he had the game engines develop naturally models "Paris-Madrid", 3 ½ hp.

Type D, L, S, And, and Moto Moto Légère MB Légère MD2

In 1904 two new motorcycles Peugeot went to market: the type D with a 300 cc 2 ½ hp engine which was later carried to 333 cc and 2 ¾ hp soon Type E with an engine of 352 cc and a 3 ½ HP Type H. Zedel presented in 1904 his first 45 ° V-twin 3½ -, 4 -, and 5 - ½ hp version. Already on the 5th of November put Dominique Long Jack in Dourdan a time of very rapid and 34.2 seconds on the mile, launched with a block of this type. This amounted to 105,3 km / h. Factory Rider Momo was driving a motorcycle on his Griffon AZ Deauville 102,3 km / h. The October 3, Vincenzo Lanfranchi took the entire total 123.3 km / h. In 1905 Peugeot introduced the first trams with their own V-Twin: the 500 cc 3 ½ HP Type L, 663 cc, and 1000 cc 5 hp 7 HP Type S. In 1906 appeared the types Z and Y. The "Z" was actually the engine of 333 cc with the previous year, the "And" is the successor to the Type S, which was produced for one year only. However, the type, And it was very heavy and well built and also as an engine of stimulation provided. Both models were available up to 1914. Motorcycles Peugeot sporadic were also the Lion-Peugeot brand features, sometimes I just pour it in the crankcase of the engine, but sometimes in the tank. Sporting successes were sporadic, it was perhaps the greatest victory of Rem Fowler in the class of two cylinders of the first TT of Man in 1907, although with a Norton , but it was powered by a Peugeot V-twin . In 1909 they decided to try. Next to the already commonly known as the sporty Peugeot Motorcycles A motorcycle street cheap Yes Peugeot had no suitable engine and is contained in a 218 cc Zedelge engine that only 1 ¼ HP and equipped additionally low. These Moto Légère MB therefore is not successful. The Moto Légère MD in 1910 he also received the same 333 cc V-twin Peugeot. Since 1912, this motorcycle Moto Légère MD2 would be called.

Ten years

SA des Automobiles et cycles Peugeot

In 1910, Eugène Peugeot, who presided over the bicycle and motorcycle factory had "les fils de Peugeot Frères", died while Armand Peugeot address "SA des Automobiles Peugeot" in which his nephews Pierre, Robert and Jules. Therefore, the family and the companies met in reality, because they are the children of Eugene. Peugeot came under the banner of the "Société Anonyme des Automobiles Peugeot et Cycles". Pierre, Robert and Jules had been with the car manufacturer Peugeot Lion is already some success. The company Peugeot now had a number of factories in the department of Doubs ( Audi Court , Beaulieu Valentigney , Mandeure and Montbéliard ), but also in Lille ( North Department ), Issy-les-Moulineaux ( Hauts-de-Seine ), and later also in La Garenne-Colombes ( Hauts-de-Seine ). It was a bad time for sales of motorcycles and until 1913 sales reached again the level of 1906. Until in 1913 it had all of the blocks of bike Peugeot and Zedelge valve head / side had, with the inlet valve as the usual valve, sniffer was performed. In 1913 appeared a prototype of the MD2 with a V-twin at 45 ° with mechanical drive side shields . The machine is used in the race Paris-Nice and the driver Desvaux won the class 350 cc with him. This was the basis for the Peugeot MC, nicknamed "Paris-Nice" got. In the short period of the First World War, which here they sold 5,000 copies.

500 M

Until 1911 Peugeot did not interfere with racing speed motorcycle, but in that year it took the engineer Robert Peugeot, Ernest Henry away in the brand of Work . I was mainly aircraft jet engines designed. Henry first went to work at the autotak Peugeot, where he earned a DOHC, four cylinder in-line engine with four valves per cylinder and control valve Desmodromic fact. This was for runners (L3 and L76) provided. His first bike was the Peugeot 500 M, a double portrait, with four valves per cylinder and double overhead camshaft . The first game of this machine in April of 1914 in Paris , was won by pilot officer Desvaux. In June Pean Paul was based on the Route Nationale 152 two-speed world: 122,4 km / h in the miles and 121,2 km / h on the mile. In 1919, the engineer Marcel Grémillon improved 500 M. He built a gearbox of three speeds and replace the drive belt for the chain of transmission . Pean won in August, 1919, the Circuit de l'eure it.

War

Peugeot was during the First World War, the great military orders. Occurred 2.997 cars, 60.000 bicycles, 6.000 trucks in the 8000 aircraft engines and large amounts of ammunition , but had no model of the motorcycle suitable for military use. The French army ordered this initially in the United Kingdom Sunbeam . Only after 1916 motorcycles Peugeot were the MT model, the 750 cc V-twin and the model MV, a cc V-twin 660, purchased but limited to only 1.069 copies. I have also heard a few copies of the 350 cc single cylinder MC.

Models MT and MC "Paris-Nice"

After the war the version "civil" of the production of MT and MC, but there was a competition unexpected: they have been used by several ministries of war and even put the military machines were not used in the market, that had to be a bit of renovation, but very low, offered rewards. Peugeot didn't have a great name built in field of the motorcycle, but Harley-Davidson , Indian , BSA, and Douglas did. In addition were american motorcycles developed much further than the european , because the united States during much of the war years had been limited to continue working on the development of their machines.

Quadri Lette

After the armistice of 1918 created a significant inflation, and were the raw material for the production of vehicles are difficult to get. Therefore Peugeot became more in their production of bicycles, but also had a car very small, which came to be called Quadri Lette. This tax was technically in the "class motorcycle", that was still something affordable. , Motorcycle cheap, light could not escape from the brand and the model TA was removed from the production. The MC was originally supplied with a Truffault expensive fork , but was replaced by its own fork, much cheaper with a leaf spring .

Years twenty

At the beginning of the twenties Peugeot wanted to bring a bike affordable in the market. Therefore sought collaboration with Alfred Vurpillot, which had now become the owner of brands Terrot , Magnat-Debon and Cottereau . They wanted the Type To Terrot sell. Under the name of "Peugeot" Terrot had its own fork of the property, which, however, remained subject to their own motorcycles, which Peugeot had yet to apply. Simple leaf spring fork in Addition Vurpillot produced very few motorcycles.

Type of AP and SP

Based on Terrot Type Peugeot with AP Model, that was produced from 1921 until 1923 it was a single cylinder 2 ¾ hp, which was equipped with leggings to protect. Rider of the elements In 1923, Lucien Rosengart provided a capital injection of five million Frank. Peugeot already requested the collaboration of Auto Moto and Aiglon . This use of two-stroke engines that were designed by Marcel Violet, who later became its own brand of motorcycles Sevitame brand of cars and the SIMA-Violet would, but its two stroke design was also sold to La Francaise Diamant - and Soyer . To connect to other brands of distinction assembled Peugeot in this new model of 3 ½ AP (1924-1925) must bow.

Type 500 Grand Prix M2 and 350 M2

In 1922, the engineer Lessman Antonesco was an employee of Peugeot. He developed a new parallel twin , but it took as a basis the bottom of the block that already for the 500 M was designed. Ernest Henry in 1913 it Was again an (expensive) sport bike , which in 1922 in 500cc version Grand Prix as M2 came on the market, but in 1924 it was sold as a "Sport Bike special." for the 1926 Conductor Gillard won dominated the Grand Prix of Monza in 1923 and in 1925 led in Montlhery records in the 10, 50, 100 and 200 kilometers, and 100 miles.

Societe Anonyme des cycles Peugeot

In 1926 the group Peugeot came down again when "Les fils de Peugeot Frères", the part of the bike of five million French francs sold to the newly-established "Société Anonyme des Cycles Peugeot", including the factory of Beaulieu .

M 350, P 104, P 107, P 108, P 109, P 110 and P 111

The new company already took in 1927 a new model with engine block in the market, which initially caught 350 M, but soon received the name of P 104. A lot of news was not under the sun: the engine of the side valve was still the Antonesco, and the gearbox was an existing Zedelge design. The machine was heavier and more expensive than the competitors, as though it was under the brand names sisters also Aiglon (504) and fawn (G-504) was released, there were more than 2,000 produced. However, the engineer Milone developed new, lighter four-stroke engines 175 to 250 - and 327 dc, P 109, P 110 and P 111 will hit the market. P 107 and P 108 were 250 cc valve side .

Thirties

In the thirties , the "Automobile Commission d ' Experimentation du Materiel", was created to examine the vehicles for the military interest in the P 107 as a motor military. Since 1932, this model was delivered to the French army. In 1936, this model as an engine for military followed by the P 112, and from 1939 by the version "All Terrain" TT 112. Peugeot developed in this period, the "Grande Puissance (high power) series with kopklepmotoren , but forced by the effects of the economic depression also, valve side , and even a series of light weights as "BMA".

In 1930, the 350 cc P 111 got a new frame , and in 1933, P 109 and P-110-renowned P 209 P 210. In 1931, the brand was Automotoklub acquired. Therefore, the models of Peugeot were even more "brothers":

• P-209 was also the Aiglon To 509, Auto Moto A Griffon 19 and G 509,
• P-210 was also the Aiglon At 510, Auto Moto 14 and G 510 Griffon and
• P 211 was also the Aiglon T-511, Auto Moto 16, and G-511 Griffon.

P-109 and P-110 were produced 20 000 copies.

P-115, P-117, P-515, P-517, P-415, P 417 and P 503

The (high power) series Grande Puissance in 1933. These new models all have frame double-cradle, and 350 - and 500 cc engine block . Originally they were the names P-115, P-117, P-515, and P 517, but the subsequent types with the names P, 415, P 417 and P 503 were released. Once more were released under other brands:

• P 115 was also the Aiglon 435, G, 435, and the Griffon Auto Moto made two versions: the To 28, and 28 L S
• P 117 was also the Aiglon To 437 G 437 and the Griffon Auto Moto 27
• P 515 was also the Aiglon 545 G 545 and the Griffon Auto Moto 58 GTS, 58 and 58 L S
• P 517 was also the Aiglon To 537 G 537 and the Griffon Auto Moto To 57 L

These models do not develop properly and had to be modified frequently after. Peugeot sold only 3.150 copies. When they met better game engine: in Addition to a good performance in Paris-Nice, Paris-Pyrenees-Paris and the Bol d'or was a converted P-515 three new world records set in 1934.

BMA P 50, P 51, P 53 and 53 TM

When the effects of the market decline of 1929 to the beginning of the years thirty began to penetrate France, Peugeot had to react with the construction of bicycle light motor and cheap. Edmond Gentil had been prepared for a "bicycle with a motor design assistant ", or a icyclette B to M oteur To uxiliaire. Because Gentle now his own brand Alcyon had been called to this 100 cc tweetaktje "Alcyonette". Peugeot gave Marcel Violet was responsible for developing. A motorcycle Such light This was the BMA's P to 50, which appeared in 1931. To compete with other brands of this small machine between 1931 and 1933, had to be improved, including through the use of an aluminum cylinder to replace the cast iron one. This gave rise to the BMA 51 P, which appeared less than 20 different models. The P 53 CL 1939 had been a very smooth and sporty. The BMA were delivered with two or three marches, and from 1938 also with a kickstarter . In 1939, Peugeot unveiled a triporteur on the market with the 100 cc engine-BMA, TM 53.

P 112 and TT 112

In 1935, Peugeot introduced another new series of motorcycles in the market, which is far from the models of "Grande Puissance" were. We had to be forced by the consequences of the crisis. The 350 cc Type P 112, produced up to the outbreak of the Second World War , was the successor of the 250 P 108. The P 112 was more modern, based on the block of the engine of the P 111. It was at that time the best selling bike Peugeot. In 1936, P 112, the new bike for the French army, but in 1939, the model was adapted to a site the more skillful version, TT (All Terrain) 112. Of these, only one was a prototype built.

P 135

The P-135 occurred in 1935 in the market and, in fact, a mixture of the high-power OHV P 115 P 111. P 135 account with the interest of the French army. Between 1935 and the outbreak of the war, more than 2,000 produced.

Forties

Since the summer of 1940, the factories Peugeot under the responsibility of an engineer Von Guillaume, and then under Ferdinand Porsche . Produced parts for the Focke-Wulf TA-15 and V1 . However, the family Peugeot did not join the nazi 's. Made several attempts of sabotage and was responsible for the smuggling of designs V1 for the United Kingdom . The secret was a prototype of a 350 cc two-stroke twin vertical developed. Two models were tested, even in 1942. This is not Peugeot (like most other brands) to intervene to pre-war models to get you started. Production back again after the war, But because it is evident that there is the demand came back to the light, and affordable transportation was first a model of 100 cc BMA, the P pre-war 53 CL in freedom.

CL P 54, P 54 B, 54 C and P P 54 TN

Small changes, such as an engine slightly larger (125 cc), transmission cover triangular and three gears, made of P 53 P 54, which was delivered in versions of CL, B and C. there Came a triporteur in the P TN 54. This particular tricycle was that he was in fact a shipping container in the front, but a steering with steering knuckles, like a car.

Among the names Griffon and Aiglon P 54 was also set at liberty, G, 554 and CL 554 CL respectively.

P 55 and 55 TN

Already in 1946 declared the Allies the DKW -patented by Adolf Schnürle invented sweep of two-stroke engines are not valid. This world-wide level could kamzuigertweetakten expire. Peugeot applied this sweep only from 1949, when it appeared the 125 cc P 55. Who was also forced-air cooling with a fan that was powered by a belt. This model was also a new triporteur built, 55-TN, also known as the Aiglon TO TN 55 TN 55 and G as sold Griffon.

Fifties

At the beginning of the fifties there was again a series of successes in competition, especially because George Lacour in 1949 with a machine private (a model of cc 125 156) a career in Vesoul he had won. It was by Louis Mialon Peugeot came up with the pilot of Robert Palin to participate in the tour of Switzerland. Part

176 T4 and T4 176 Special

In 1950, the 176 T4, published a cc model 175 developed during the war, two-cylinder engine. With a runner "simplified" and therefore the lighter version, a series of successes in competition, but in 1951, however it was built, the 176 T4 Special. This runner had rear suspension from the plunger . Peugeot did not do so the budget for the development of racing engines available, but the machines are produced through the personal effort of Antoine Peugeot, director and chief engineer Louis Reinhardt Mialon. He has participated in the Bol d'or 1952, which achieved the seventh place. Mialon developed the machine (especially the motor), and later in the year Andre Bouin has won a match in Arrault it. That moved Peugeot finally all to put in the development of five different machines to the Bol d'or 1953. Bouin was also able to win this game. Although the deployment had been reasonably successful Peugeot retired in 1952 to well back of the road race .

176 GS

The sporting success of the 176 T4 Special gave it all a model sports: in 1953 appeared the GS 176, which was built on the original 176 T4 significantly lighter, and was equipped with the plunjervering. With its 10-horsepower, it took about 110 miles per hour. As a reference for the sporting success was in the tank ("Bol d'or et Championnat de France, 1952"), this same team was nicknamed the "Bol d'or". Obviously Griffon and Aiglon also made use of the mark in the production under the name T 676 GS 676, and GS A. The machine continued to 1.956 production.

256 TC 4 and 356 TB

Models 175 cc were quite successful. Peugeot produced between 1947 and 1953, 37.500 motorcycles. It was therefore decided to bring. A version of 250 cc In 1954, he published a new two-cylinder, 256 TC 4. The market was no longer appropriate. The customers are interested in them small car 's and between 1954 and 1957 were sold., only 4.231 however, they wanted to build a version of the 350 cc. In this way it could compete with the models of 350 cc Motobécane and Terrot . To this end, two blocks 175 cc were linked to each other and so arose the 356 TB. Again, this was not a success, mainly due to the high consumption of fuel and oil is only sold around 350.

S 55, S 57 and S 157 Scooters

At the beginning of the fifties sales went up scooters in France enormously. ACMA had between 1950 and 1953 to 78,000 Vespas were built under license and had approximately 30,000 Lambretta imported 's. In 1954 Peugeot launched its first scooter in the market, the S 55. This had the 125 cc single-cylinder two-stroke of the P 55, but that was equipped with cooling by forced air . However, the bike is too heavy (105 kg, while a Vespa to only 80 kg, produced on the scale) and, on the other hand, is not designed too thin. There was, therefore, only 3,104 of produced. In 1956, a successor appeared S 57, which is already 9.977 copies were sold. Shortly after that the excess weight was approached and appeared to S 57 (claim, more light) and also because scooters italians usually 150 sizes cc, 150 cc S 157. Only in 1958, a scooter with a line somewhat soft, the S-57 C. The production increased from 3.913 in 1956 to 5.790 in 1958, but in 1959 the Peugeot threw in the towel and the production of scooters and motorcycles stopped.

Sixties - present

AS 175 Rally

The end of the fifties Terrot come in a big problem. Like the other French brands had not been attractive, sporty models and, in addition, Terrot had lost the boom of motorcycles and the rise of models of low-cost, light. Several attempts were made to add, among other things with the check mark next to Alcyon . In 1961 it merged again with Magnat-Debon (which in 1922 already did). In September, both companies were acquired by the Compagnie Générale des Moteurs, part of the psa Peugeot. This last one developed for motorcycle Terrot, single-cylinder four-stroke 175 Rally, was marketed. as Peugeot 175 Rally AS this, however, was not a success. Peugeot began to focus on mopeds and then in the eighties , the scooters were on the rise again, Peugeot has also joined them.