Ferrari Testarrossa 12v-4943cc 1989

The Ferrari Testarossa (type F110) is a 12-cylinder mid-engine sports car manufactured by Ferrari, which went into production in 1984 as the successor to the Berlinetta Boxer Ferrari. The Pininfarina -designed car was originally produced 1984-1991, with two revisions of the models subsequent to the end of the production Testarossa, and the introduction of the M 512 TR and F512 that occurred between 1992 and 1996. Almost 10,000 Testarossas, 512 TR and F512 Ms were produced, making it one of the models of Ferrari's most produced, despite its high price and design exotic. In 1995, the F512 M selling price of $ 220,000 (136,500 £).

The Testarossa is a two-door coupé that premiered at the 1984 Paris Auto Show. All versions of the Testarossa had the power fed through the wheels of a, five-speed rear mounted manual transmission. The engine rear center, the design of rear-wheel-drive (engine between the axles but behind the cabin) keeps the centre of gravity in the center of the car, which increases stability and improves the ability of the curves of the car, so that results in a standing weight distribution of 40% front:. 60% back The Testarossa was re-engineered for 1992 and released as the 512 TR, at the Los Angeles Auto Show, effectively as a completely new car, and an improved weight distribution of 41% front:. 59% back The F512 M was introduced at the 1994 Paris Auto Show. The car went down the initials TR and added the M which in Italian stood for rifleshare one, or translated to modified, and was the final version of the Testarossa, and the continuous improvement of the distribution of the weight of its predecessor of 42% front:. 58% posterior ^[8] The F512 M was the last Ferrari car engine of 12 cylinders, as well as the F50, Ferrari Enzo and Ferrari Laferrari, with the last of the company of the flat motor. The Testarossa was replaced in 1996 by the front-engine 550 Maranello coupe.

The vehicle should not be confused with the Ferrari TR "Testa Rossa" of the late 1950s and early 1960s, which were the sports cars that ran in the World Sportscar Championship, including the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

One of the side entrances in a 512 TR, which leads to the radiator side mount.

The name Testarossa paid homage to the famous Champion of the World Sportscar 1957 Ferrari 250 Testa Rossa sports car racing. The Testa Rossa, literally "red head" in Italian, refers to the cam red-painted covers worn by the two cars '12 engines -cylinder.

Development

The Testarossa can trace its roots to the faults of the 1981 512i BB. The problems that the Testarossa was conceived to fix, included a cabin that got increasingly hot from the water current that ran between the radiator and the front mount engine mounted in the middle of the boat and the lack of space for luggage. To fix these problems Ferrari and Pininfarina designed the Testarossa to be larger than its predecessor, the boxer Berlinetta. For example, in 1976 mm (78 inches) wide the Testarossa was fifteen centimeters wider than the boxer. This resulted in an increased wheelbase that stretched about 64 mm (2.5 in) which was used to accommodate luggage in a storage space of carpet under the front hood, front opening 2,550 mm (100 in). The increase in length created extra storage space behind the seats in the cabin. Head room is also increased with a roofline half an inch taller than the Boxer.

The design came from Pininfarina. The design team at Pininfarina consisted of Ian Cameron, Guido Campoli, Diego Ottina and Emanuele Nicosia. With little surprise, they were led by design chief Leonardo Fioravanti, the designer of many Ferraris contemporaries. The design was originated by Nicosia, but the direction of Fioravanti was equally important. Be a aerodynamist trained, Fioravanti applied his know-how to establish the aerodynamic design of the car. This meant that the large lateral shots were not only a statement of style but really functional - they drew clean air to cool the radiators to the side and then went upward and left the car through the vents on the engine cover and the tail. As a result, the Testarossa did not need a rear spoiler like Countach Lamborghini still produces zero lift at its rear axle. The drag coefficient of 0.36 was also significantly better than the Lamborghini of 0.42.

Pininfarina body 's was a departure from the curvaceous boxer-one which caused some controversy. The side strakes referred to as "graters cheese" " sometimes, or "Cutter egg", that spanned from the doors needed the rear fenders for the rules of several countries that prohibit large openings on cars. The Testarossa had twin radiators in the rear with the engine in place of a single radiator up front. In conjunction the strakes provided cool air to the radiator rear side mounted, thus keeping the engine from overheating. The strakes also made the Testarossa wider at the rear than the front, thus increasing stability and shipping costs.

One last unique addition to the new design was a single high mounted rear view mirror on the driver's side. In the cars of the united States on the basis of the mirror was reduced to a placement more normal in 1987 and quickly joined by a passenger-side rearview mirror to the driver to make safe lane changes easy.

Like its predecessor, the Testarossa used double wishbone front and rear suspension systems. Ferrari improved the traction by adding rear wheels with rims of 10 inches wide. The powertrain Model was also an evolution of the BB 512i. Your engine uses a near relation of displacement and compression are identical, but unlike the BB 512i had four-valve cylinder heads that were finished in red.

Engine

Sports Testarossa 4.9 liters (4.943 cc or 301.6 cu in) Ferrari-12 flat engine mid-mounted. Each cylinder has four valves, with forty-eight valves total, lubricated via a dry sump system, and a compression ratio of 9.20: 1. These combine to provide a maximum torque of 490 Nm (361 ft · lbf) at 4500 rpm and a maximum power of 291 kW (396 PS; 390 HP) at 6,300 rpm . The first us versions of the cars had the same engine, but slightly less power with only 283 kW (385 PS; 380 HP).

The Ferrari Testarossa can accelerate from 0-100 kilometres per hour (62 mph) in 5.3 seconds and from 0-60 miles per hour (97 km / h) in only 5.2 seconds and 100 mph (161 km / h) in 11.40 seconds (though the magazine Motor Trend managed to 5,29 seconds and 11.3 seconds, respectively). It can complete a standing (from stationary) quarter mile (~ 400 m) in 13.50 seconds or a mile walk in 23.80 seconds . The maximum speed of the Testarossa is 290 kilometres per hour (180 mph).

Wheels and suspension

When it was introduced for the model year 1985, the Testarossa had magnesium single bolt wheels "imitation" (415 mm) diameter of 16.33 inches. These wheels use the system, Michelin TRX, and the size odd diameter makes it impossible to fit standard tires. These wheels could only be fitted with tires TRX size 240/45 VR 415 for the front and TRX 280/45 VR 415 for the rear.

Starting sometime in the model year 1986, the wheels kept the same design but were changed to a standard diameter of 16 inches (410 mm), with a width of 8 inches (200 mm) in the front and 10 inches (250 mm) in the rear. Goodyear Gatorback 225/50 VR front tires 16 and 255/50 VR rear tires 16 were equipped.

The rear suspension original was in, arms swing independent of unequal length, coil springs, telescopic shock absorbers double of each side, and an anti-roll bar. All the transmission and suspension was designed to be removed as a unit from beneath the car for the timing belt of the engine could be addressed.

In the model, 1988.5, the suspension was redesigned and the wheels are turned to change the settings only imitation bolt to the standard pattern of Ferrari five-bolt. The design of the wheels still resembled the ones installed in the debut of the Testarossa.

The front brakes have a diameter of 309 millimetres (12.17 inches) and the rear brakes have a diameter of 310 millimeters (12.20 inches).

Reception

See also: Cars in Miami Vice

The car won many comparison tests and admirers - it was featured on the cover of Road & Track magazine nine times in just five years. The price of the Testarossa in the US was $ 181,000 in 1989, including a $ 2,700 tax "on high consumption of gasoline." The original selling price in the United Kingdom was 62.666 £.

Owners Testarossa known include Elton John, Alain Delon, Dr. Dre and austrian Formula One driver Gerhard Berger.

Jack Nerad of driving today states, the Testarossa "... [it was] a car designed and built to take advantage of an image. And as taking advantage of what was in the decade of the eighties is that it was the perfect vehicle for its time. The saving was, it was also a damn good car ".

Although he had success on the road, the Testarossa did not appear on race tracks, unlike the BB 512i, which had been successfully done lower.

As a range-topper from Ferrari during the 1980s, the car made numerous appearances in pop culture, especially in the arcade game OutRun, as in the third season of Miami Vice. The car has become later synonymous with the 1980s "yuppies" and is an icon of 1980s culture retro. ^[14] Their side fins have become a component body aftermarket popular kits body aesthetic arch width. The strakes spawned treatments knock-off that were designed for the cars, like the Pontiac Fiero, and a wide variety of sports cars and japanese and american motorcycles, like the Honda VFR.

Testarossa spider

The Testarossa Spider, serial number 62897, is the sole official convertible variant of the Testarossa commissioned by Ferrari and designed by Pininfarina to be built. The car was specially made for the late Gianni Agnelli, Fiat chairman at the time, as a gift. The Testarossa spider had a exterior silver, black leather interior magnolia with a strip of dark blue running above the kill mark of black and a white top that could be saved manually distance. The vehicle was delivered to Agnelli in 1986, and had a solid silver metal Ferrari logo on the hood instead of aluminum. The theme of silver refers to the newspaper abbreviation table of elemental silver, Ag, the first two letters of the name of Agnelli.

Many customers requested their own Testarossa spider, but Ferrari declined every one of them for the challenges of spatial and structural that it would be a challenge to resolve, and so Pininfarina and other firms of conversion had to make the conversion to the spider's not official. The official Spider was no different mechanically than the Testarossas normal available in the european market. I had a standard 4.9 L of 291 kilowatts (396 PS; 390 HP) engine flat-12. The only difference, apart from being a convertible, that was from windows and doors front windows of the spider were much shorter than those of the normal car.

Engine

The 512 TR sports a 4.9 litre (4.943 cc or 301.6 cu in) Ferrari engine flat-12 longitudinally mid mounted. Each cylinder has four valves, with forty-eight valves total, lubricated via a dry sump system, and a compression ratio of 10.00:. 1 These combine to provide a maximum torque of 491 Nm (362 ft · lbf) at 5500 rpm and a maximum power of 319 kW (434 PS; 428 HP) to 6,750 rpm.

The Ferrari 512 TR can accelerate from 0-97 kilometres per hour (60 mph) in 4.90 kg seconds, and to 161 km / h (100 mph) in 10.70 seconds. It can complete a standing (from stationary) quarter mile in 13.20 seconds or a kilometre of walk in 23.40 seconds. The maximum speed the 512 TR can attain is 314 kilometres per hour (195 mph).

A recall was issued in 1995, in connection with the fuel hose problems of adjustment. Over 400 models had this defect which was caused by variations in the temperature and the environment. Another recall was issued in connection with the retention system, passive safety belts not working correctly, in more than 2,000 512TR. ^[21] If the restraint system suffered a mechanical or electrical failure only the lap belt would provide the occupant protection.

The engine 512 TR was modified in many ways. Nikasil is added liners, along with a new air intake system, Bosch engine management system, the intake valves are larger, and an exhaust system revised. In addition to the power of the highest peak, the modifications delivered a power curve wider for better acceleration.

Effort for gear change, long a complaint about the Testarossa, was eased with a new clutch for a single plate, sliding ball bearings, and a better angle for the shifter. The braking system includes front rotors larger and cross-drilling all around. Quicker steering, tires of lower profile, and the new configuration of the shock to improve the handling. What is more important, and the position of the gearbox of the engine was rethought, which improved the center of gravity, aiding the handling and making the car less fearsome on the limit.

The interior was revised too, with the center console split from the dashboard and the controls for the climate control relocated. Pininfarina tweaked the body of the car to better integrate the spoilers and engine cover and update the design in line with the recently released 348.

It cost US $ two hundred twelve thousand one hundred sixty, in 1992 with luxury items, the tax "on high consumption of gasoline", and of freight, costs 131.600 £ in the Uk.

Wheels

The TR 512 has wheels with a width of 8 in (200 mm) in the front and 10.5 in (270 mm) in the rear 18 inches (457 mm). The code of tires for the front wheels are 235/40 ZR 18 and 295/35 ZR 18 for the rear tires. The front brakes have a diameter of 315 millimetre (12.40 inch) and the rear brakes have a diameter of 310 mm (12,20 in).